Journal of Ethno-Pharmaceutical Products

Abstract Drought, as a multidimensional stress, has various destructive and adverse effects on plants and affects many morphological characteristics and physiological, biochemical and nutritional processes related to plant growth and development. This tension generates reactive oxygen species causes damage to the cell membrane. In the photosynthetic apparatus, the inhibition of electron transfer causes the reduction of the main photosynthetic pigments and protein accumulation. Wheat response to water deficit stress has many mechanisms that include cellular-molecular changes and its transfer to other metabolic activities and its effect on plant morphology. Therefore, the general purpose of this research was to investigate the interaction effect of iron oxide nanoparticles (25 nm) with two types of zinc nanoparticles (25 and 50 nm) at a concentration of 50 mg/liter on greater resistance of wheat (Arg cultivar) and improving its growth under drought stress conditions. Thus Wheat plants were treated with drought stress including two control levels and 7 days of water deficit. After applying drought treatments and the nanoparticles to the plants, some growth and pigments parameters were measured in stem, root and leaf to evaluate the effect of zinc and iron nanoparticles separately and mutually on the resistance of plants to drought stress. The occurrence of drought stress compared to the control led to a decrease in shoot length and other growth parameters. In this way, drought stress in the form of 5 days of water deprivation caused a decrease in root and stem length as well as other growth parameters such as fresh weight, dry weight, leaf water content, etc. compared to the control plants without drought stress. According to results, in conditions without drought stress, the application of both types of zinc oxide nanoparticles without or combined with iron oxide nanoparticles at the level of 5% had a significant effect.

Abstract More than 22% of the world's agricultural land is saline, and this trend continues to increase with climate changes. Salinity stress causes leaf color change, osmotic stress, ionic toxicity, prevents growth, photosynthesis and plant performance. Due to their size less than micron, metal nanoparticles have a great absorption and transmission power in plants. Salinity stress is a major problem in hot and dry areas under tomato cultivation. For this purpose, investigating the mutual effects of the size and type of zinc oxide and iron oxide nanoparticles on the improvement and change of growth and increasing the resistance to salt stress in tomato plants of the early urbana variety were carried out in the form of a completely randomized and factorial design with 4 replications, at a significant level of 5%. In this research, zinc oxide nanoparticles in 25 and 50 nm sizes, iron oxide in 25 nm sizes and sodium chloride in 0 and 75 mM levels were used. Nanoparticles and salinity treatments were both applied to the plants. The results showed that salt stress led to a decrease in plant growth parameters such as shoot and root length, leaf area, RWC, ion leakage. Also, NaCl led to an increase in the accumulation of prolin and other aldehydes, sodium, iron and zinc. The application of nanoparticles had a slight effect in stress-free conditions, but in stressed conditions, these two nanoparticles alone and especially in combination neutralized the effect of salinity and reduced the damage caused by salinity stress.