Journal of Ethno-Pharmaceutical Products

Abstract Lawsonia inermis is utilized in the cosmetics industry and traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. Understanding the chemical and genetic diversity of this plant is essential for breeding purposes. This research investigated the chemical and genetic diversity of 12 distinct populations of Lawsonia inermis from different areas of Kerman province through the use of HPLC and ISSR markers. HPLC was employed to quantify the Lawson compound in the 12 populations, while three ISSR primers were utilized to evaluate genetic diversity. The findings showed notable diversity in Lawson content among samples collected from Jiroft, Shahdad, and Ghale Ganj, with the J5 sample (from Jiroft) displaying the highest value. Furthermore, the ISSR marker demonstrated that all populations could be grouped into three categories, with samples from the same region not necessarily clustering together. Although the marker could not differentiate populations based on Lawson content, it effectively distinguished them based on genetic diversity.

Abstract Background: Trachyspermum ammi and Foeiniculum vulgare (Apiaceae) have been widely employed in traditional medicine to treat many diseases. Methods: The cytotoxic activity of methanolic extracts and essential oils of T.ammi and F.vulgare seeds on gastric cancer cell line (AGS) and Human Skeletal Muscle cell line (HSkMC) were assessed by MTT method. In vitro toxicity was also evaluated on Artemia salina. The antibacterial activity was measured by the Microtiter broth dilution method. Result: The proliferation of cancer cells was inhibited by methanolic extracts and essential oils. The results showed a greater degree of cytotoxicity on AGS at the dose of 400μg/mL of methanolic extracts and essential oils of T.ammi and F.vulgare with IC50 values lower than 50 µg/mL at 48 to 72h. so, they can be considered appropriate for further purification and are agree with the US National Cancer Institute. The methanolic extracts and essential oils exhibited cytotoxicity activity against brine shrimp larvae (LC50: 1066.4 and 137.5 µg/mL for T.ammi) and (LC50: 1267.5 and 235.7 µg/mL for F.vulgare). The antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts and essential oils showed maximum inhibitory activity against S.aureus with MICs (0.35 and 0.08 fold) and (0.45 and 0.1 fold) for T.ammi and F.vulgare, respectively. Conclusion: Therefore, our results showed that the methanolic extracts and essential oils of T.ammi and F.vulgare have antiproliferation and antibacterial properties and could be used as adjuvant therapy against common gastric and pathogenic bacteria.

Abstract Cumin is one of the most agriculturally valuable plants, in the semi-arid tropical regions of Iran. In this research, drought tolerance of 49 cumin ecotypes were evaluated under irrigated, and rained conditions in the field during two years (2010 and 2011). Five drought tolerance/susceptibility indices including mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI), tolerance (TOL) and susceptible stress index (SSI) were applied. Results of combined analysis based on the experiments showed a significant variation among ecotypes for grain yield and, it was decreased due to drought stress. The mean grain yield of Ardestan and Ravar in normal and drought stress conditions possessed the highest values respectively. According to the results derived from principal component analysis, bi-plot display and STS equation, Ravar was identified as the most drought tolerant ecotype. In conclusion, this suitable ecotype could be recommended for cropping in regions with limited water resources, also MP, GMP and STI indices were found to be more effective in identifying drought-tolerant and high yielding ecotypes in both conditions.
 
DOR: https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23833017.2021.2.1.3.3

Abstract A. calamus that grows in province of Baluchistan and Kerman in Iran plays a major role in the revival of traditional medicine. Despite the useful role of this plant in many ailments, its anti-bacterial properties are not well understood. In this study, we investigated anti-bacterial activities of rhizomes ware of A. calamus against various strains of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The anti-microbial activity of extracts of A.calamus was assessed by disc diffusion method. Rhizomes extracted by ethanol, methanol solvents and essential oil were obtained by clevenger apparatus. Antibacterial effects of the extracts tested at concentrations (25, 100, 200, 250, 300, 400 mg/ml). The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of extracts ranged from 25-100 mg/ml against the susceptible bacteria. All the Minimal Bactericidal Concentrations (MBCs) were the same as the MICs. Our results revealed that ethanolic and methanolic extracts have an inhibitory effect on all gram positive and negative strains and it is comparable with kanamycin, an anti-bacterial reference drug. Amongst extracts of A.calamus, ethanolic extracts showed maximum inhibitory activity (16mm) against Staphylococcus epidermidis. So we can conclude that this plant has anti-bacterial properties on all gram positive and negative bacteria. The result can be related to the nature of the compounds found in this plant. The effective GC-MS method was performed for the determination of essential oil compounds of A.calamus. The Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed that the presence of phenyl propanoids, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and β-asarone in essential oil of the plant caused its antibacterial properties. Our result showed that the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of A. calamus could be useful for the development of effective treatment for the control of infectious diseases.

DOR: https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23833017.2014.1.1.1.0